Air Source Heat Pumps do not burn fossil fuels and are powered by electricity alone. As a result, switching to an air source heat pump can drastically reduce your home’s carbon emissions.
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But of course, just how much you reduce your emissions by depends on the source of your electricity supply. The National Grid is moving to lower carbon methods, but your supply could come from a coal fired power station, meaning your CO2 output would be higher. Your carbon output will also be affected by whether you supplement your heat pump with another renewable energy source, such as PV generation.
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While it’s true that the production of a heat pump makes its own carbon footprint, compared to a non-renewable heat source unit, it will pay for itself over and over during its lifetime.
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A useful source of information on varying CO2 output according to electricity supply can be found here- https://www.renewableenergyhub.co.uk/main/heat-pumps-information/co2-carbon-savings-of-a-heat-pump-and-their-environmental-cost.